Fragrances

The base of any perfume you can buy in the shops will be the perfume essence, this is what actually make the smell. This is a combination of essential oils (cedar, wood, lime, sandalwood etc). Fragrances come in many forms and have many different names but generally the main four categories are as follows:

The perfume you see in the store is not the pure perfume essence and has been diluted. However it is the most concentrated of all the fragrance options and it is the most expensive for this reason. It has a slightly thicker, oilier consistency.

Eau de Parfum: This uses the same perfume essence but less of it and more alcohol and water. This means the smell is a bit lighter and usually doesn't last quite as long, but as it is a bit lighter, many find this preferable.

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Eau de Toilette: This is lighter still and usually sold in spray bottles. The lightness of it makes it more suitableto spray more liberally, the high alcohol content means it will not last very long. Generally this version is the most advisable to use day to day as it is less intense and even if you do use too much it will lighten up fairly quickly.

Image: Fragrance Hugo Boss

Eau de Cologne: Cologne is an abbreviation of "eau de Cologne" and is the French word for the city of Koln where a particular scent was first made hence it was a water from Cologne. There are specific blends of fragrances that fall in this particular category of "eau de cologne", they are very light, fresh and fruity and contain the essential oils, lemon, bergamot, orange and also the absolute neroli.

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Source: Quora